Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (HPPM) Exam 1 Practice

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• Which vaccines are designed for older adults (65+) and include enhanced features?
• Hemoglobin A1C reflects average blood glucose over which approximate time period?
• What are the downsides to screening more frequently than every 3 years with cytology alone?
• Type B influenza is best described as which of the following?
• Which term describes a practical, evidence-based approach preventing patients and health care workers from being harmed by avoidable infections?
• Which of the following is listed as a newer technology for colorectal cancer screening?
• Under USPSTF guidelines, HIV testing is recommended for pregnant women in which trimester?
• FOBT uses which tool or card?
• Which tests are used as confirmatory tests for HIV infection?
• What is a health maintenance schedule?
• What is the recommended interval for lipid profile screening?
• Which mass characteristic is more likely to indicate cancer?
• Which fasting glucose value is used as one criterion for metabolic syndrome?
• Which group is NOT among those at highest risk for pneumococcal pneumonia?
• HDL-C is commonly referred to as which type of fat?
• In the seven-step process, which step comes immediately after interpreting the result's significance in context?
• According to screening guidelines, which group should be offered routine prostate cancer screening?
• Induration of 15 mm or more is considered positive in which patients?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a possible symptom of breast cancer?
• How often should non-pregnant women be screened for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• For higher-risk men aged 40-54, how should screening decisions be approached?
• What PSA value is considered abnormal?
• Which finding is considered abnormal on sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy?
• Which statement about standard precautions is true?
• According to ACOG guidelines, at what age should routine lipid screening begin for women?
• Which of the following is NOT a high-risk population for healthcare-associated infections?
• What is the recommended interval for repeating blood glucose testing after a normal result?
• What does colonoscopy allow the clinician to do?
• Undiagnosed dental disease can lead to which of the following functional problems?
• Population-Attributable Risk is the proportion of the population affected due to exposure.
• In which scenario is Pap screening unnecessary?
• Screening more frequently than every 5 years with primary hrHPV testing alone or cotesting does not substantially improve benefit but what does it significantly increase?
• Population-Attributable Risk is best described as the proportion of the population with disease attributable to exposure.
• What are the two categories of colon cancer screening?
• What is the most common cancer leading to death for both men and women?
• What is the gold standard for breast cancer screening?
• Why are non-communicable diseases a major community health concern?
• For HIV+ patients, TB skin induration threshold for a positive test is at least how many millimeters?
• How is frequency measured in epidemiology?
• What specimens are collected in a Pap smear?
• What is a community-acquired infection?
• What best describes a non-communicable disease?
• FluZone High Dose is administered how?
• Every child should begin to receive oral health risk assessments by ______ of age from a pediatrician or qualified pediatric health care professional.
• What is PSA density?
• Which of the following is NOT among the three leading causes of death listed?
• What is a primary function of flexible sigmoidoscopy?
• Which action should you take when you cough or sneeze?
• Which statement is NOT part of standard precautions?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for dental caries?
• Which tests are used for screening gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• What is the recommended screening interval for syphilis in MSM or persons living with HIV?
• Shingles is a reactivation of which virus?
• Which vaccine is the recombinant (dead) shingles vaccine?
• What is the top cause of death in America?
• Which test is most commonly performed for tuberculin skin testing?
• What does a pelvic exam screen for?
• Which of the following is a risk factor that facilitates the development of nosocomial infections?
• Which statement about lipid screening intervals is true?
• Which of the following is a harm of over-screening for cervical cancer?
• What is the recommended frequency for flexible sigmoidoscopy (flex sig)?
• Which of the following is identified as a high-risk group for TB?
• Which population should undergo annual cervical cancer screening/pap smears?
• Screening guidelines for breast cancer indicate biennial mammography should be offered to women of what age range?
• Which lipid abnormality is listed as a risk factor for diabetes?
• What does cotesting involve in cervical cancer screening?
• What random blood sugar level suggests diabetes?
• What is the recommended schedule for the herpes zoster vaccine in adults aged 50 and older?
• Pneumonia vaccine recommendations for a healthy 65-year-old.
• PSA density is calculated using which measurements?
• Contract precautions are used for which of the following groups of diseases?
• Which of the following are types of blood glucose screening tests?
• What is percent free PSA?
• Which item is included in developing a health maintenance schedule?
• Which TB infection test enumerates effector T cells activated by MTB antigens?
• Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable disease?
• According to USPSTF guidelines, HIV testing should be offered annually to which group?
• Normal blood pressure is defined as which of the following?
• What fasting blood sugar level is considered normal?
• Women older than 65 years with adequate prior screening or a hysterectomy should:
• What is the measured parameter in Mantoux reading?
• Which groups are most at risk for pneumococcal pneumonia?
• According to the AHA guidelines, starting at age 20, how often should a fasting lipid profile be assessed?
• What is the goal of risk-factor based/prevention history?
• N-95 masks should be used for protection against which of the following?
• Positive Predictive Value is the probability that a patient with a positive test result actually has the disease.
• Which of the following is a portal of entry for nosocomial infections?
• What test is used to screen for cervical cancer?
• How many deaths in the US were attributed to cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx?
• What is the recommended interval for colonoscopy screening?
• Which vaccine is specifically associated with preventing shingles?
• According to the immunization schedule, how many doses of Tdap are recommended in adulthood, and what follows?
• What does PSA stand for?
• Pregnant women should be screened for gonorrhea and chlamydia in which pattern?
• According to USPSTF guidelines, for adults aged 40-75 years, what is the recommended focus of lipid management?
• In a glucose tolerance test, what range indicates diabetes?
• Which of the following is an example of a communicable disease from the given examples?
• FLUAD is characterized by containing what for older adults?
• Which of the following is a population at higher risk for BRCA mutation?
• Stool DNA testing screens for which findings?
• What is another name for the H1N1 Pandemic of 1918?
• Undiagnosed and untreated dental disease can lead to which of the following outcomes?
• Which term describes the measure of disease frequency in a population?
• Screening for prostate cancer should be avoided in men with life expectancy less than 10 to 15 years.
• What is the recommended frequency for stool DNA testing in colorectal cancer screening?
• Which statement is true about shingles vaccines?
• Which factor related to physical activity is modifiable to reduce diabetes risk?
• What does FIT detect in stool?
• What is the purpose of an adjuvant in vaccines like FLUAD?
• Which screening method is no longer promoted for prostate cancer?
• Prediabetes is defined as what?
• Describe the Mantoux Test: how much PPD is injected and what site?
• Which of the following is included among the seven steps in responding to an abnormal screening result?
• Why is treatment of lesions that would otherwise resolve on their own harmful?
• Droplet precautions are indicated for which of the following?
• In a glucose tolerance test, what range indicates a normal result?
• Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable disease?
• What A1C level indicates prediabetes?
• Which populations are contraindicated to get FluMist?
• Cutoffs for A1C testing: Normal, Prediabetic, and Diabetic ranges.
• Health Protection is best described as which of the following?
• Communicable disease is illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through direct or indirect transmission from an infected individual or via an animal, vector, or inanimate environment to a susceptible host.
• What is the recommended interval for CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) screening?
• What rank did the World Health Organization assign the US for overall health system performance?
• What kinds of direct visualization tests can be conducted?
• Which of the following is an example of a communicable disease?
• What is antigenic shift?
• Negative Predictive Value is defined as what?
• Cervical cancer screening for women younger than 21 years is:
• What is the typical length of a flexible sigmoidoscope?
• Which test is used for screening abdominal aortic aneurysm?
• For cytology-only cervical cancer screening in women, what is the recommended interval?
• Which site is assessed in abdominal aortic aneurysm ultrasound screening?
• Which of the following is NOT typically classified as a healthcare-associated infection?
• For women aged 30-65, which screening options are correct?
• What grade does the USPSTF give biennial mammogram screening beginning at age 40?
• Which obstetric history is listed as a risk factor for diabetes?
• Absolute Risk is the actual proportion of people with the risk factor who will develop the disease.
• At what diameter is an AAA considered at increased risk for rupture?
• Which criteria does the World Health Organization use to rank countries?
• What is the primary purpose of diagnostic tests?
• Which statement about health maintenance schedules is true?
• What is the purpose of a patient reminder plan?
• Cultural and linguistic competence is defined as which of the following?
• Which of the following is NOT a metabolic syndrome criterion?
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy visualizes which portion of the colon?
• An AAA is present when infrarenal aortic diameter exceeds what?
• For syphilis, which tests are used for initial screening and confirmatory testing?
• What are the potential consequences of a false positive test result?
• Which population should be screened for blood glucose?
• Which breast skin change may look like orange peel?
• Which populations are at higher risk for developing diabetes and should be screened earlier?
• Which disease is listed as a communicable disease example in the material?
• In a fasting lipid panel, which lipoprotein is referred to as the 'bad' cholesterol?
• Evidence from RCTs, observational studies, and modeling studies suggest that a _______ screening interval for primary hrHPV testing alone or cotesting offers the best balance of benefits and harms
• At what age threshold is listed as a diabetes risk factor?
• Which component involves assessing whether preventive services are delivered and reminders are effective?
• Absolute risk describes the actual probability of developing the disease in the group with the risk factor.
• Which of the following is one of the seven steps in responding to an abnormal screening result?
• What is a nosocomial infection?
• What is the screening guideline for total cholesterol and lipid profiles?
• A fasting lipid profile includes which components?
• For pregnancy, when should Tdap be given?
• Illness-based/conventional history focuses on questions related to which of the following?
• Airborne precautions are indicated for which of the following diseases?
• What is the role of the incentive process in developing a health maintenance schedule?
• When would a different breast screening modality be used?
• What is a confirmatory test for prostate cancer?
• USPSTF recommends visual acuity screening for which group?
• When should the patient return after Mantoux testing and what should be examined?
• What does the American Cancer Society recommend for prostate cancer screening?
• Which test result confirms a diagnosis of syphilis?
• Which set of self-examinations is no longer promoted for cancer screening?
• For adults aged 65 and older, which statement about pneumococcal vaccination is correct?
• The inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is recommended for individuals in what age range?
• When should serum lipid levels be rechecked once a patient starts taking a lipid-lowering medication?
• Before undergoing sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, bowel evacuation is typically recommended within what time frame?
• What rank did the World Health Organization assign the United States for level of health?
• What findings might be reported on a Pap smear?
• What does FIT-DNA stool test detect?
• Which fasting blood sugar level indicates diabetes?
• Which item is commonly cited as a barrier to delivering preventive health services in clinical practice?
• What is the frequency for fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and describe the test?
• Is routine gonorrhea and chlamydia screening recommended for men?
• Based on patient sexual behaviors, which other swab sites may be used for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• Which lipid parameter is the primary carrier of cholesterol and is commonly targeted to reduce cardiovascular risk when elevated?
• Postmenopausal hormone therapy is associated with prevention of what?
• Which sequence correctly describes the typical HIV testing algorithm from screening to confirmation?
• How many cases of oral cancer were diagnosed in the United States?
• Which measure expresses the risk of disease in the population that is attributable to exposure?
• The Trivalent influenza vaccine contains which combination?
• Which shingles vaccine is live attenuated?
• Which statement best describes Health Promotion?
• Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of abnormalities caused by insulin resistance associated with excessive adipose tissue dysfunction.
• Developing a health maintenance schedule includes which of the following?
• For patients from countries with high TB prevalence, a positive TB skin test is defined as induration of at least how many millimeters?
• Relative Risk is defined as the ratio of the risk of disease among those exposed to a factor compared to those not exposed.
• Which statement about tetanus is true?
• Which population is identified as at increased risk for syphilis infection?
• Which shingles vaccine is more than 90% effective in preventing Shingles?
• What is the #1 bacteria responsible for dental cavities?
• What is the frequency for colonoscopy?
• For men aged 55-69, how should deciding to screen for prostate cancer be approached?
• What is the dosing interval for the herpes zoster vaccine?
• How often should serum lipid levels be rechecked for patients attempting lifestyle modification for hyperlipidemia?
• What are the potential consequences of a false negative test result?
• In pregnant women, when should syphilis screening occur according to guidelines?
• If PSA is 1.2 ng/mL, is this within the normal range?
• Under USPSTF guidelines, how should lipid screening be approached for adults aged 21-39?
• USPSTF and the AAFP conclude that there is _________ to recommend for or against routine screening for oral cancer in asymptomatic adults
• Which feature can occur with diphtheria infection?
• Shingles typically presents as what kind of rash?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of pertussis?
• Which of the following is a concern associated with live or attenuated vaccines?
• How can parents clean the teeth of infants?
• CT colonography imaging produces which type of image?
• Which technology is described as 'virtual' colonoscopy?
• Which of the following is a criterion for metabolic syndrome?
• At home, FOBT collection involves which steps?
• What is the USPSTF stance on screening for prostate cancer in men 70 years and older? What is the category rating?
• Start age for biennial breast screening?
• Women over age ___ should discuss benefits and harms of screening mammography with their provider.
• In Mantoux testing, which finding is considered insignificant?
• Stage II Hypertension is defined as which range?
• In ACOG guidelines, routine lipid screening for women begins at what age?
• Which statement about diphtheria is incorrect?
• CT colonography imaging produces what kind of image?
• Which statement reflects who should not be screened for prostate cancer?
• Among children aged 6-8 years, what percentage had a cavity in their primary teeth?
• Which conditions warrant earlier diabetes screening?
• What is the frequency for CT colonography?
• In a glucose tolerance test, what range indicates prediabetes?
• Describe the procedure for an oral glucose tolerance test.
• Can you catch shingles from someone who has shingles?
• Which action is a recommended personal task to prevent the spread of communicable diseases?
• Which statement is NOT a reason to stop screening?
• Screening guidelines for one-time AAA ultrasound indicate screening for which group?
• Which population is identified as at increased risk for HIV infection due to injection drug use?
• Immigrants from which areas are considered high risk for TB infection?
• Which of the following best describes standard precautions?
• Prediabetes usually occurs in people who have what condition?
• Which are the types of screening tests for prostate cancer?
• Sensitivity is a test's ability to designate an individual with disease as positive.
• In risk-factor based/prevention history, an example is an asymptomatic patient coming in for a physical exam and pap smear. Which option matches this example?
• Which term defines the source of infection in the chain?
• Which statement about the Quadrivalent influenza vaccine is true?
• Risk-factor based/prevention history emphasizes what as the primary problem?
• What is antigenic drift?
• What is a common complication of shingles, especially in older adults?
• How are cultures collected to screen for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• Which term describes history focusing on current signs and symptoms in a patient evaluation?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a mode of transmission for HAIs?
• Which statement about a random blood sugar test is accurate?
• Which site is listed as a portal of entry for nosocomial infections?
• Elevated blood pressure is defined as which range?
• Which sample type is used for the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test?
• Which self-examinations are no longer promoted for cancer screening?
• True or False: If a hysterectomy was performed due to cervical cancer, a pap smear still needs to be performed
• Which organization ranks countries’ health system performance?
• The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer in all adults aged which range?
• What is the standard test for diagnosing HIV?
• Which of the following is a disease that is commonly reported to local health departments?
• FOBT is a screening test that can be performed in which setting?
• FluMist (LAIV) is best described as which of the following?
• What kinds of stool tests can be conducted?
• The Quadrivalent influenza vaccine differs from the Trivalent vaccine by including what?
• Which population should obtain a total cholesterol and lipid profile?
• When do we stop screening for breast cancer/mammography?
• How are risk factors defined in health terminology?
• What A1C level indicates diabetes?
• What term refers to a population, tissue, etc., that is chronically infected with the causative agent of a disease and can act as a source of further infection?
• Endoscopy (sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy) is a screening test for detecting which conditions?
• What does the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test detect?
• Standard isolation precautions are appropriate for which of the following diseases?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for HPV infection?
• Which waist circumference thresholds are used to define metabolic syndrome?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for diabetes?
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy should be repeated at what interval?
• Which term describes the practice of preventing or stopping the spread of infections in the health care setting?
• What is another name for H5N1?
• Stage I Hypertension is defined as which range?
• What is the most common symptom of breast cancer?
• Selective estrogen receptor modulators help to prevent which cancer?
• What test result identifies an individual as having HIV?
• Which screening test has a 10-year interval?
• Which of the following is NOT typically used as a screening test for prostate cancer?
• Shingles affecting the ophthalmic branch involves which cranial nerve?
• In illness-based/conventional history, an example is a patient presenting with which symptom?
• Which group is considered at higher risk by the ACS and may be targeted for screening?
• Shingles involving the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve can put you at risk for what serious outcome?
• Cervical cancer screening intervals with cytology alone historically include which of the following?
• Among adolescents aged 12-19 years, have had a cavity in their permanent teeth?
• If disease prevalence increases, which change would you expect in the Positive Predictive Value?
• Aspirin has been shown to help prevent which conditions?
• For women aged 21-29, what is the recommended screening interval with cytology alone?
• How often should we check lipid levels and liver function once the serum cholesterol target has been reached?
• Negative Predictive Value is the probability that a person with a negative test result truly is disease-free.
• Which action is a personal task to prevent and control the spread of communicable diseases?
• Disease Prevention is defined as taking action to thwart the disease process by finding ways to modify the environment, behavior, and bodily defenses so that the disease processes are eliminated, slowed, or changed.
• What are the benefits of a health maintenance schedule?
• Which vaccine provides the same viruses as Trivalent plus an additional B virus?
• Which statement about routine oral cancer screening guidelines is true?
• Which term is described as being directed toward a desire to actively avoid illness, to detect it early, or to maintain function within the constraints of illness?
• How is a screening test best defined?
• Which nipple or breast skin change is described as red, dry, flaking, or thickened?
• True or false: women who have had adequate screening with normal smears can discontinue pap smears at 65 years old.
• What A1C level is normal?
• Pneumococcal pneumonia is caused by what type of organism and can lead to which complications?
• Which test detects the presence of blood in stool as part of screening?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for diabetes?
• Physical exam procedures that qualify as preventive interventions are those that ___?
• What combination of measures helps interpret PSA results beyond the absolute value?
• Approximately how many new cases of oral cancer are diagnosed in the US each year?
• Airborne precautions apply to which diseases?
• Specificity is a test's ability to designate an individual who does not have disease as negative.
• How often is sDNA-FIT (stool DNA test) recommended?
• Severity is measured by which outcomes?
• Chemoprophylaxis is also called what?
• What is a normal PSA range?
• What does the T-Spot.TB test detect?
• A fasting lipid panel includes which components?
• The United States ranking for level of health is 72nd out of 191. How many countries were included in this ranking?
• Which fasting blood sugar range indicates prediabetes?
• Which statement about stopping screening is true?
• Which organizations concluded insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine oral cancer screening in asymptomatic adults?
• In cervical cancer screening, what interval is used for hrHPV testing alone or cotesting?
• Which vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine?
• Which TB test is described as an ELISA that detects interferon-γ release in fresh heparinized whole blood?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between self-exam findings and screening decisions for oral cancer?
• Oral health screening guidelines state that oral health screening is indicated in asymptomatic persons who have which risk factor?